【埃及学新书】古埃及文字系统指南
Stéphane Polis (éd.)
Guide to the Writing Systems of Ancient Egypt
What do we know about the writings of ancient Egypt, two hundred years after Jean-François Champollion deciphered hieroglyphs? This Guide answers the question in an easily accessible format, presenting the current state of knowledge on the different scripts that were used in the Land of Pharaohs. The reader will find over fifty articles written by specialists, presenting the diversity of scripts in time and space, explaining their main organizational principles, and describing the main contexts in which they were used.
The Guide begins by offering an overview of the scripts of Egypt, from the appearance of hieroglyphs up to the introduction of Arabic writing. It then explores the multiple aspects of hieroglyphic writing: the number of glyphs and their classification; the relationship between written glyphs and figurative representations; the organization in space and the materiality of hieroglyphs; the relationship of hieroglyphic writing to spoken language; as well as the play on symbols and other so-called enigmatic uses. Finally, the Guide focuses on the main uses of writing in ancient Egypt. Learning how to write, the use of movable and monumental material, inscriptions on objects and graffiti, the destruction of writing and systems of symbols are all practices that are considered. The use of writing for specific purposes—such as administrative, funerary or magical—or in specific socio-historical contexts is also adressed.
Deux cents ans après le déchiffrement des hiéroglyphes par Jean-François Champollion, que sait-on des écritures de l’Égypte ancienne ? Ce Guide des écritures répond à la question, en exposant de manière accessible l’état de nos connaissances sur les différentes écritures qui furent utilisées sur la terre des pharaons. Le lecteur y découvrira plus de cinquante notices rédigées par des spécialistes, qui présentent la diversité de leurs manifestations dans le temps et l’espace, en expliquent les grands principes de fonctionnement, et décrivent leurs principaux contextes d’emploi.
Le guide propose dans un premier temps un panorama des écritures d’Égypte, depuis l’apparition des hiéroglyphes jusqu’à l’introduction de l’écriture arabe. Il explore ensuite les multiples facettes de l’écriture hiéroglyphique : le nombre de signes et leur classification, la relation entre signes d’écriture et représentations figurées, l’organisation spatiale et la matérialité des hiéroglyphes, l’adossement de l’écriture hiéroglyphique à la langue orale, ainsi que les jeux sur les signes et autres emplois dits énigmatiques. Enfin, il s’intéresse aux principaux usages de l’écrit en Égypte ancienne. Apprentissage de l’écriture, utilisation des supports mobiles et monumentaux, inscription des objets et graffiti, destructions de l’écrit et systèmes de marques sont autant de pratiques envisagées. L’emploi de l’écriture à des fins particulières – administratives, funéraires ou magiques, par exemple – ou dans des contextes socio-historiques spécifiques est également abordé.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
FOREWORD 8
Laurent Coulon
INTRODUCTION 10
The Languages and Writing Systems of Ancient Egypt:
Chronological and Terminological Guidelines
Stéphane Polis
1. Two Centuries after Champollion: The Background to Deciphering 18
Stéphane Polis
THE SCRIPTS OF EGYPT THROUGHTOUT THE AGES 33
2. The Origins and Earliest Developments of Egyptian Hieroglyphic Writing 34
Andréas Stauder
3. How Does the Hieroglyphic System Function? 42
Stéphane Polis
4. FOCUS The Frequency of Graphemic Functions in Egyptian Writing 50
Stéphane Polis
5. Ptolemaic Writing 52
Christophe Thiers
6. Cursive Hieroglyphs 58
Tobias Konrad
7. Hieratic 62
Pierre Grandet
8. FOCUS Abnormal Hieratic 70
Koen Donker van Heel
9. Demotic 72
Didier Devauchelle
10. Coptic 80
Esther Garel
11. Cuneiform in Egypt: The el-Amarna Letters 88
Laurent Colonna d’Istria
12. Greek in Egypt 92
Jean-Luc Fournet
13. Latin in Egypt 98
Bruno Rochette
14. FOCUS Arabic Writing in Egypt 102
Naïm Vantieghem
15. The Egyptian Origin of the Alphabet 104
Ben J.J. Haring
16. Egyptian Writing Systems in the Sudan 112
Claude Rilly
17. The Western Perception of Hieroglyphs,
from Classical Antiquity until Decipherment 118
Jean Winand
18. The Hieroglyphic Repertoire 126
Philippe Collombert
19. Inventing the Signs of a Figurative Writing System 133
Pascal Vernus
20. FOCUS How Many Hieroglyphs? 138
Philippe Collombert
21. The Egyptian Classification of Hieroglyphs 140
Joachim Friedrich Quack
22. The Sign as an Image… 144
Dimitri Laboury
23. … or the Image as a Sign 150
Dimitri Laboury
24. Reading Statues 154
Renaud Pietri
25. The Spatial Organisation of Hieroglyphic Texts 158
Serge Rosmorduc
26. The Materiality of Hieroglyphs and its Typographical Transposition 166
Dimitri Meeks
27. FOCUS Outside the Standards of Beauty:
An Example of Local Hieroglyphic Style from Asyut 174
Andrea Fanciulli & Martina Landrino
28. Printing Hieroglyphs with Movable Type Technology 176
Peter Dils
29. FOCUS Encoding Hieroglyphic Texts 180
Jorke Grotenhuis & Mark-Jan Nederhof
30. Adjustment of the Ancient Egyptian Writing System
as a Reflection of Language Change 182
Frank Kammerzell
31. Group Writing and Vocalisation 188
Marwan Kilani
32. From Determinatives to Classifiers :
Categorisation in the Ancient Egyptian Writing System 192
Orly Goldwasser
33. Enigmatic Spelling: Alienating, Encrypting, Sportive 200
Daniel A. Werning
34. Wordplay and Sign Play 208
Antonio Loprieno
CONTEXTS AND USAGES OF SCRIPTS 211
35. Learning to Write 212
Annie Gasse
36. Portable Written Media: Papyrus, Ostraca, Writing Boards
and Leather Rolls 218
Fredrik Hagen
37. FOCUS Seals, Sealings, and Writing in Ancient Egypt 226
Philipp Seyr
38. Writing as Monument 228
Luc Gabolde
39. FOCUS The Damnatio Memoriae: Remembering to Forget
via the Power of the Image 232
Simon Connor
40. Inscribing Objects 234
Alexis Den Doncker
41. FOCUS Non-Textual Marking Systems in Ancient Egypt 240
Daniel Soliman
42. Graffiti, Dipinti and Secondary Epigraphy:
Transformation of Space and the Self 242
Andreas Dorn & Chloé Ragazzoli
43. FOCUS Paratextual Marks 248
Aurore Motte & Nathalie Sojic
44. Writing in Funerary Contexts: The Neutralisation of “Animate”
Hieroglyphs in the Pyramid Texts and the Coffin Texts 250
Bernard Mathieu
45. Royal Funerary Compositions of the New Kingdom 254
Susanne Bickel
46. The Book of the Dead and its Graphic Registers 258
Florence Albert
47. Writing to the Dead 264
Sylvie Donnat
48. Writing and Administration in the Pharaonic Period 268
Pierre Tallet
49. Writing, Medicine and Magic: On the Modus Scribendi of Diagnoses,
Therapies and Incantations 274
Hans-W. Fischer-Elfert
50. Writing in Balat 280
Laure Pantalacci
51. Writing during Ancient Desert Expeditions 284
Vincent Morel
52. Writing at Deir el-Medina 288
Dominique Lefèvre
53. Writing at Tebtunis in the Graeco-Roman Period 294
Claudio Gallazzi
Timeline 298
Map of Egypt 299
Glossary 300
Bibliographic References 304
General Bibliography 308
IF1280
ISBN 9782724708738
2023 IFAO
Collection: GIFAO 4
Langue(s): anglais
1 vol. 360 p.
26 € (839 EGP)
https://www.ifao.egnet.net/publications/catalogue/9782724708738/